a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal

a summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play or movie

(computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or program

a variable in a logical or mathematical expression whose value determines the dependent variable

a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating a truth or falsehood; the methodical process of logical reasoning